Energy Encyclopedia

Edita Bromova

The NIF announced that they had finally achieved fusion. Does this mean we will soon have a fusion power plant?

The success of the National Ignition Facility in an experiment on December 5, 2022, which released 3.15 MJ of energy in a fusion reaction using only 2.05 MJ of energy for the lasers required to ignite this reaction, is undoubtedly huge and a significant milestone in thermonuclear fusion research. But from the point of view of the overall path to a functional fusion power plant, it seems like we've been striking a match and now, after nearly a hundred years of frantic effort, that match has finally caught fire. There is still a long way to go before we can sit by a hot fireplace. The first reason why we will not have a fusion power plant tomorrow is that the ignition occurred on a device that has not yet resolved the issues of how to achieve continuous operation. Laser-driven inertial fusion will usually do one experiment per day, while a power plant would need it to happen several times per second. But even if the fusion ignition announced a tokamak-type device, which is significantly further along in preparation for the power plant, it would not represent a significant leap on the way to the power plant. It would be an important confirmation that we are on the right track. The design of all the necessary components and the construction of a fusion reactor is a complicated matter that cannot be fundamentally accelerated. However, every such successful experiment brings new data and new insights that bring us closer to the time when the first fusion power plant will finally supply us with electricity.

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Edita Bromova

Can an uncontrollable fusion reaction occur?

Under terrestrial conditions, a spontaneous fusion reaction can never occur. Keeping the fusing fuel in a state where fusion can occur requires constant outside intervention. In the case of magnetic confinement, a proper…

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